Modals

                                   

                           

                    Radamel Falcao                                                              Garcia Marquez 

                           

                  Beethoven                                                              Peter Manjarres

                            

                  Vin Diesel                                                                   Shakira

Modals

Can

We can see the lake from our bedroom window.

Can you speak any foreign language?

We use can  to say that something is possible or that somebody has the ability to do something.

   The negative is can't

    I'm afraid    I can't come to the party on friday 

(Be) Able to...

  
Are you able to speak any foreign language?

(Be)able to... is possible instead of can, but can is more usual.

But can has only two form can (present) and could (past). So sometimes it is necessary to use (Be) able to.

         

      I can't sleep

      I haven't been able to sleep recently 

Could

Sometimes could is the past of can. We use cold especially with 

          see hear smell taste feel remember understand.

     * She spoke in a very low voice, but I could understand what the said.

We also use could to say that somebody had the general ability or permission to do something.

     * My grandfather could speak five languages

Negative form: couldn't

Must 

You have been travelling all day. You must be tired 

We use must to say that we feel sure something is true.

We use can't  to say that we feel sure something is not possible

   * They haven't lived here for very long. They can't know many people 

You can use must to talk about the present or future,but not the pass.

May or Might 

        She might know or she may know 

We use may or might to say that something is a possibility. Usually you can use may or might, so you can say.

        It may be true 

        It might be true 

The negative form are: may not and might not 

       It may not be true 

       It might not be true 

Should

      You look tired. you should go to bed 

You should do something = it is a good thing to do or the right. thin to do. you can use should to give aduice. or to give an opinion.

The government should do more to help homeless people.

We often use should with I think / I don't think 

I don't think you should work so hard.

You shouldn't do something = it isn't a good Thing to do 

     

     you shouldn't believe everything you read in the news paper.

should is not strong as must.

Activity

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Grammar Focus Questions

We usually make questions by changing the Word order: we putt the first auxiliary verb before the subject.

S     +     AV

Tom will...                                                                                                                                  You have walked...                                                                                                                   I can sing...                                                                                                                             The house was...                    

AV      +  S                                                

will Tom...?                                                                                                                         Have you walked...?                                                                                                             Can I sing...?                                                                                                                         Was the house...?                                                                                                                                                     

tom be here tomorrow?                                                      

What can I do?                                     

When was the house built?

In present simple questions, we use do / does

                     You live in Cali                      Do you live in Cali?                  

              John studies English                Does john studies English?

In past simple questions we use did

Max sold his card … Did max sell his car?

But do not use do/ did in questions if who, What, which is the subject of the sentence.

   

Who subject

 Emma telephoned somebody

   Who subject

   Who telephoned Emma?

 Question words

How          where         whose                   

what          how            when         which

Activity

Ask Liz questions. (Look at her answers before you write the questions.)

1.    (Where / from?)…………………………………………………………….

2.    (Where / live / now?)………………………………………………………..

3.    (Married?)…………………………………………………………………

4.    (How long / married?)…………………………………………………….

5.    (Children?)…………………………………….......................................

6.    (How old / they?)……………………………….......................................

7.    (What / husband/do?)…………………………………………………….

8.    (He / enjoy his job?)…………………....................................................

9.    (Arrest anyone yesterday?)…………………………………………......

10. (How often / go / on holyday?)…………………………………………….

11. (Where / next year?)…………………………………………….…………

Put the words in brackets in the correct order. All the sentences are questions.

1.    (When / was / built/this house)……………………………………………

2.    (How / cheese / is / made)…………………………………………………..

3.    (When / invented / the computer / was)……………………………………

4.    (Why / sue / working / isn´t / today)………………………………………….

5.    (What time / coming / your friends / are)…………………………………..

6.    (Why/ was / cancelled / the concert)……………………………………...

7.    (where / your mother / was/born)…………………………………………

8.    (why / you / to the party / didn´t/ come)…………………………………..

9.    (How / the accident / did / happen)……………………………………….

10. (why / this machine / doesn’t/work)…………………………………….

http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2066

                                                                                                                                                 

Future Tense

Future tense

what would you like to drink?
I will have an orange juice, please.

Did you phone Ruth?
Oh no, I forgot. I will phone her now.

We use I will (I'll) when we decide to do something at the time of speaking.

We often use will in these situations

a. Offering to do something
that bag looks heavy. I will help you with it.

b. Agreeing to do something

A: you know that book I lent you.
Can I have it back if you have finished with it.

B: Of course. I will give it to you this afternoon

c. Promising to do something
Thanks for lending me the money
If will pay you back on friday

d. Asking somebody to do someting will you be quiet? I am trying to concentrate.

Will typically expresses predictions about the future.
will is followed immedately by the symple form of a verb

Ana will come tomorrow around 5:00

Negative: will + not = won't

Jack will finish his work  tomorrow                                                                                        Jack is going to finish his work tomorrow.

Will and be going to express future time and often have essentially the same meaning.

Will and be going to mean the same when they make predictions about the future (prediction= a statement about something the speaker thinks will be true or will occur in the future)

Be going to (but no will) is used to express a prior plan (a plan made before the moment of speaking).

Use be going to (not will) when something in the present leads a prediction.

Look at these dark storm clouds!                                                                                           

 It is going to rain!

Affirmative statement!

We are going to leave for Mars soon

Negative

We aren´t going to leave for Mars

Question

Are we going to leave  for Mars?                                                                                        

Yes, we are                                                                                                                                No, we aren´t.

        

Activity

Circle the best words to complete these conversations.

1.    Eon: which project do you work / are you going to work on?

Rover: I haven´t decided for sure. Probably the Spacemobile.

2.    Rover: look at those dark clouds!

Eon: Yes. It looks like it´s raining/ it´s going to rain any minute.

3.    Eon: I´d better get back to my hotel room before it starts to rain.

Rover: Ok. I´m seeing/ I´ll see you later

4.    Desk: Dr. Eon, your son just called.

Eon: Oh, good. I think I´ll call/ I´m calling him back right away.

5.    Eon: Hi, honey. How´s it going?

Rocky: Great. I go/ I´m going fishing with grandpa tomorrow.

6.    Eon: have fun, but don´t forgot. You still have to have to finish that paper.

Rocky: I know, Mom. I send / I´m sending it to my teacher tomorrow. I already discussed it with her.

7.    Rocky: how´s the conference?

Eon: Good. I´m giving / I´ll give mi talk this afternoon.

8.    Rocky: Good luck. When are you/ will you be here?

Eon: tomorrow. My plane lands/ will land at 7:00, so I see/ I’ll see you about 8:00.

                                                    Activity

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Activities

Click
Activity Puzzle


simple form table

simple from


activity grammar

listening

Activity

Activity

1.Find the past of the following verbs

Find     Go    Read         See       Write                                                                   Sing      Sleep     Forget       Put       Tell                                                                   Begin   Eat          Get            Do         Draw                                                             Say       Run        Speak        Take      Sit

R	A	F	O	U	N	D	S	J	M
O	S	D	R	E	W	S	A	W	L
U	I	L	R	G	W	E	N	T	O
S	A	D	E	O	O	H	G	S	E
L	N	D	A	P	U	T	A	U	K
T	A	I	D	R	T	A	T	E	O
I	G	D	E	T	O	R	W	N	P
N	E	T	O	G	R	O	F	T	S
X	B	G	T	O	L	D	R	A	N
S	S	A	T	K	O	O	T	W	Y

2. Put one of these verbs in each sentences

  

                                  Win                 buy              spend 

                                Cost                  drink            teach

                             Catch        sell        win                  write                         

1. .    Mozart ________ more than 600 pieces of de music
2. .    How did you learn to drive? My father __________ me.
3. .    I was very thirsty .I _______ the water very quickly.
4. .    Paul and I played tennis yesterday. He is much better than me, so he ________easily.
5. .    Ann ________ a lot of money yesterday. She ________ a dress of 100 dollars.

3. Complete the sentences put the verb into the correct form, positive or negative.

1. .    The film wasn´t very good, I _____ it very much (enjoy).                                
2. .     I was very tired, so I ______ to bed early. (go).
3. .    Sue wasn´t hungry, se she ________ anything (eat).
4. .  We went to Kate’s house but she _________ at home (be).
5. .    The hotel wasn´t very expensive. It _____ very much (cost).

Write in past tense the following text.

Melissa Greene tense as a journalist for News channel 7

and she is very busy. She starts her day early in the

morning. She appears on good morning Chattanooga

every weekday from 5:30 to 7:00 am. She present the

news an gives information about the weather, the traffic, etc.